§ 1. Nature of the sacraments.
517. What are we talking about in the fourth part of the Christian Doctrine?
In the fourth part of Christian Doctrine, it is question of the sacraments.
518. What is meant by the word "sacrament"?
The word "sacrament" means a sensitive and effective sign of grace, because all the sacraments signify by means of sensible things, divine grace which they produce in our souls.
519. Why do you call the sacraments, "sensitive and effective signs of grace"?
I call the sacraments "sensitive and effective signs of grace", because all the sacraments signify by means of sensible things, divine grace which they produce in our souls.
520. Explain, for example, how the sacraments are perceptible signs of grace and effective.
In Baptism, the act by which water is poured over the head of the person and the words "I baptize you (that is to say, I wash you) in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, "are a visible sign of what Baptism operates in the soul: just as water washes the body, so grace given in Baptism cleanses the soul of sin.
521. How many sacraments there and what are they?
There are seven sacraments are: Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders and Matrimony.
522. How much does it take to make things a sacrament?
To make a sacrament, it should matter, form and a Minister who intends to do what the Church does.
523. What is the matter of the sacraments?
matter of the sacraments is the sensible thing one uses to make them, as, for example, natural water in Baptism, oil and balm in the Confirmation.
524. What form of the sacraments?
The shape of the sacraments is in the words that favor them.
525. What is the minister of the sacraments?
The minister of the sacraments is the person who makes or confers the sacrament.
§ 2. The main effect of the sacraments, which is grace.
526. What Grace?
God's grace is a gift within the supernatural, which is given without any merit on our part, but by the merits of Jesus Christ for eternal life.
527. How do we split the bounty?
grace is divided into sanctifying grace, also known as "usual" and actual grace.
528. What is sanctifying grace?
sanctifying grace is a supernatural gift inherent in our soul that makes us righteous, God's adopted children and heirs of heaven.
529. How many are there kinds of grace sanctifying?
There are two kinds of sanctifying grace: grace through the first and second.
530. What is the initial grace?
The first grace is that by which man passes from the state of mortal sin to the state of justice.
531. And what grace second?
The second is through an increase in the initial grace.
532. What is actual grace?
Actual grace is a supernatural gift that enlightens our minds, moves and strengthens our will, that we do good and avoid evil.
533. Can we resist the grace of God?
Yes, we can resist the grace of God, because it does not destroy our free will.
534. By our own strength can we do something to inherit eternal life?
Without the help of the grace of God through our own strength we can do nothing for eternal life.
535. How God communicates to us there is grace?
God communicates grace principally through the sacraments.
536. Besides sanctifying grace the Sacraments give us they with another?
Besides sanctifying grace, the sacraments confer grace as sacramental.
537. What is the sacramental grace?
Sacramental grace is a right that is acquired by receiving any sacrament, for in due course, the actual graces needed to fulfill the obligations deriving from the sacrament received. So when we were baptized, we received the right to have the graces necessary to live as Christians.
538. The sacraments do they always through him who receives them?
The Sacraments always give grace provided we receive them with the necessary arrangements.
539. Who gave the sacraments confer the power of grace?
is Jesus Christ who, through his passion and death, gave the sacraments confer the power of grace.
540. What are the sacraments that confer first sanctifying grace?
The Sacraments that give sanctifying grace the first and, thus, make us friends of God, are two: Baptism and Penance.
541. How, therefore, do we call these two sacraments?
These two sacraments, that is to say, Baptism and Penance are called "sacraments of the dead" because they are established primarily to make the dead souls by sin, the life of grace.
542. What are the sacraments increase grace in him who possesses it?
The sacraments increase grace in those who possess it are the other five. So: Confirmation, Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders and Matrimony, which give grace second.
543. What are the names because these five sacraments?
These five sacraments, namely: Confirmation, Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders and Matrimony, are called "sacraments of the living, because those who receive them must be free from mortal sin, that is to say already living in sanctifying grace.
544. What sin is guilty of one who receives one of the "sacraments of the living" knowing he is not in a state of grace?
Whoever receives one of the "sacraments of the living" knowing he is not in a state of grace, commits a serious sacrilege.
545. What are the sacraments the most necessary for our salvation? The sacraments
most necessary for our salvation are Baptism and Penance. Baptism is absolutely necessary at all. And Penance is necessary for all who have sinned mortally after Baptism.
546. What is the greatest of all the sacraments?
The greatest of all sacraments is the sacrament of the Eucharist, because it contains not only grace, but Jesus Christ, author of Grace and the Sacraments.
§ 3. The character printed by the sacraments.
547. What are the sacraments that we may receive only once?
The sacraments that can receive only once are threefold: Baptism, Confirmation and Order.
548. Why these three sacraments, Baptism, Confirmation and Order, they can be received only once?
These three sacraments, Baptism, Confirmation and the Order can only be received once because they imprint a character.
549. What is the character printed on the soul by each of these sacraments?
The characters printed on the soul by each of these sacraments is a spiritual mark which can not be erased.
550. What is the nature of the soul qu'impriment in these three sacraments? The character
qu'impriment in the soul those three sacraments used to mark us, in baptism, as members of Jesus Christ in Confirmation, as his soldiers in the Order, as his ministers.
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